Who is authorized to prescribe, dispense, and administer controlled substances within categories 4-5?

The correct answer identifies the specific healthcare practitioners who have the legal authority to prescribe, dispense, and administer controlled substances within categories 4-5. Doctor of Optometry is correct in this context because optometrists are trained and licensed to manage certain ocular conditions and can prescribe medications, including some controlled substances, within the limits set by state regulations.

In many jurisdictions, including Minnesota, optometrists have expanded their scope of practice to include the ability to prescribe certain controlled substances, particularly in the management of eye health. This authorization allows them to treat various conditions more effectively.

Understanding the roles of other healthcare professionals is important. While pharmacists play a crucial role in dispensing medications, they do not have prescribing authority. Doctor of Nursing Practice programs lead to advanced practice nursing roles, but their ability to prescribe controlled substances depends on state-specific regulations and whether they have obtained the necessary licensure. Physician Assistants also have prescribing capabilities, but the specifics of what they can prescribe may differ based on state law and their supervisory relationships with physicians. Therefore, in the context of this question, Doctor of Optometry stands out as the most accurate choice.