Which of the following is NOT considered wholesaling?

In the context of pharmacological distribution, wholesaling typically pertains to the distribution of pharmaceutical products in bulk to entities such as pharmacies, clinics, or hospitals for further retail or distribution. The concept of wholesaling often involves transactions where goods are sold to other businesses rather than to the end consumer, and it is usually conducted for commercial profit.

When considering the options provided, charitable donations stand out as an action that does not fit the definition of wholesaling. Wholesaling involves a commercial transaction where products are sold for economic gain, regardless of the type of entity involved; charitable donations, however, are non-commercial and are intended to provide goods without expectation of financial return. Thus, when a pharmaceutical company donates products to a charity or other organization, this transaction is not considered wholesaling as it lacks the commercial intent characteristic of wholesale operations.

In contrast, sales to a pharmacy, sales from a manufacturer to a clinic, and sales between wholesalers all represent transactions where pharmaceutical products are exchanged for monetary compensation, satisfying the criteria of wholesaling.